Safer Trucks and Buses Act of 2014 - Directs the Secretary of Transportation (DOT) to ensure that covered motor carrier data is not made available to the public, and prohibits such data from being used in a civil action for damages resulting from an incident involving a motor carrier, until the Secretary submits a report certifying that recommendations required by this Act have been implemented.

Defines "covered motor carrier data" as data generated with respect to a motor carrier under the Compliance, Safety, Accountability initiative of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration.

Requires the Secretary to submit to Congress a report that contains recommendations on how to improve such initiative, including by ensuring that it:

• utilizes and generates only safety data and scores determined to be predictive of motor carrier accidents,
• appropriately addresses concerns relating to the age of utilized safety data,
• does not unfairly harm small motor carriers as a result of limited safety data availability,
• appropriately addresses differences between motor carriers transporting passengers and those transporting freight,
• generates safety data that allows individual motor carriers and their safety scores to be effectively compared, and
• utilizes accurate safety data.

Establishes deadlines for such report, for implementation of such recommendations, and for certification of such implementation.