Terrorist Hoax Costs Recovery Act of 2001 - Amends the Federal criminal code to set penalties for knowingly communicating false information concerning the existence of activity which would constitute a violation of prohibitions regarding biological weapons, chemical weapons, or nuclear materials, under circumstances in which such information may reasonably be believed.

Provides that a person committing such offense shall be liable for a civil penalty of the greater of $10,000 or the amount expended by the United States incident to the investigation of such conduct, including the cost of any response made by any Federal military or civilian agency to protect public health or safety.

Directs the sentencing court to order convicted defendants to reimburse the United States for expenses incurred incident to the investigation of, or response to, the offense.