21st Century Homesteading Act - Establishes a program under which the Secretary of Agriculture shall conduct up to six demonstration projects involving the employment of H-1B visa (specialty occupation) aliens in rural areas, and the use of related employer-paid visa fees with the development of high-tech employment opportunities in such areas. Authorizes the Secretary to make project grants to qualifying rural economic development planning districts in States on the Canadian border having certain levels of outmigration, unemployment, and Native American populations.

Allocates specified H-1B annual admissions for such projects.

Establishes the Twenty-first Century Homesteading Account in the Treasury.